真正要紧的四个日期
| 日期 | 什么时候 | 意味着什么 |
|---|---|---|
| 春季终霜 (50%) | Feb 18 | 有一半的年份会在这个日期之后还结霜。这是平均值,不是保证。 |
| 春季终霜 (10%) | Mar 14 | 只有十年里的一年会在这之后结霜。凡是不能重种的作物,就按这个日期来。 |
| 秋季初霜 (50%) | Dec 6 | 有一半的年份会在这个日期之前结霜。秋菜就是从这里往回推算的。 |
| 秋季初霜 (10%) | Nov 15 | 早霜年份。如果某种作物必须收成,就争取在这之前收。 |
West Gulfport 的春夏播种
这些日期是按本地自己的终霜日期算出来的,不是照搬通用的分区表。“最佳月相日” 是每个时间窗里落在该作物传统月相上的那几天——和 App 用的是同一条规则。
| 作物 | 室内育苗 | 露地定植 | 最佳月相日 | 收获天数 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Garlic cloves/sets 更适合秋播——见下文 |
— | Jan 2 – Feb 2 | Jan 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
240–300 |
| Asparagus (crowns) transplant |
— | Jan 7 – Feb 11 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
perennial — first real harvest 2–3 years |
| Chives either |
Dec 24 | Jan 7 – Feb 11 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
75–90 |
| Onion (from sets/transplants) cloves/sets |
— | Jan 7 – Feb 11 | Jan 7–9, Feb 2–4 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Peas (English/snap) direct sow |
— | Jan 7 – Feb 11 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
55–75 |
| Spinach direct sow |
— | Jan 7 – Feb 11 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
35–50 |
| Cabbage transplant |
Dec 17 | Jan 14 – Feb 11 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
65–90 |
| Collards either |
Jan 7 | Jan 14 – Mar 4 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
55–85 |
| Kale either |
Jan 7 | Jan 14 – Feb 18 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
50–65 |
| Lettuce (leaf) either |
Jan 14 | Jan 14 – Mar 11 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
40–55 |
| Potato cloves/sets |
— | Jan 14 – Feb 18 | Feb 1 Full Moon |
70–120 |
| Radish direct sow |
— | Jan 14 – Mar 11 | Feb 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
22–35 |
| Turnip direct sow |
— | Jan 14 – Feb 25 | Feb 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
40–60 |
| Broccoli transplant |
Dec 17 | Jan 19 – Feb 18 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Brussels Sprouts transplant |
Dec 17 | Jan 19 – Feb 18 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
90–110 |
| Leek transplant |
Dec 10 | Jan 19 – Feb 18 | Feb 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
100–120 |
| Lettuce (head) transplant |
Dec 31 | Jan 19 – Feb 18 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
60–85 |
| Parsley either |
Dec 17 | Jan 19 – Feb 25 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
70–90 |
| Parsnip direct sow |
— | Jan 19 – Feb 25 | Feb 1 Full Moon |
100–150 |
| Shallot cloves/sets 更适合秋播——见下文 |
— | Jan 19 – Feb 18 | Feb 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Beet direct sow |
— | Jan 21 – Mar 11 | Feb 1, Mar 3 Full Moon |
50–65 |
| Kohlrabi either |
Jan 7 | Jan 21 – Feb 25 | Jan 21–24, Feb 18–19 Waxing Crescent |
45–60 |
| Carrot direct sow |
— | Jan 28 – Mar 11 | Feb 1, Mar 3 Full Moon |
65–85 |
| Cauliflower transplant |
Dec 17 | Jan 28 – Feb 18 | Feb 18 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Cilantro direct sow |
— | Jan 28 – Mar 11 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
45–70 |
| Swiss Chard direct sow |
— | Jan 28 – Mar 20 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
50–60 |
| Dill direct sow |
— | Feb 4 – Mar 20 | Feb 18–23 Waxing Crescent |
40–60 |
| Cucumber either |
Jan 28 | Feb 18 – Mar 20 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Green Beans (bush) direct sow |
— | Feb 18 – Apr 4 | Feb 24, Mar 25 First Quarter |
50–65 |
| Oregano transplant |
Dec 24 | Feb 18 – Mar 11 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sage transplant |
Dec 24 | Feb 18 – Mar 11 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sweet Corn direct sow |
— | Feb 18 – Apr 4 | Feb 24, Mar 25 First Quarter |
60–100 |
| Thyme transplant |
Dec 24 | Feb 18 – Mar 11 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash either |
Jan 28 | Feb 18 – Mar 20 | Feb 24 First Quarter |
45–60 |
| Basil either |
Jan 7 | Feb 25 – Mar 20 | Mar 19–20 Waxing Crescent |
30–60 |
| Dry Beans direct sow |
— | Feb 25 – Mar 25 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
85–100 |
| Pole Beans direct sow |
— | Feb 25 – Mar 30 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Pumpkin direct sow |
Jan 28 | Feb 25 – Mar 25 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
90–120 |
| Rosemary transplant |
Feb 18 | Feb 25 – Mar 20 | — First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Tomatillo transplant |
Jan 7 | Feb 25 – Mar 20 | — First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Tomato transplant |
Jan 7 | Feb 25 – Mar 20 | — First Quarter |
60–85 |
| Winter Squash direct sow |
Jan 28 | Feb 25 – Mar 25 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
85–110 |
| Cantaloupe / Muskmelon either |
Jan 28 | Mar 4 – Mar 25 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
75–90 |
| Eggplant transplant |
Dec 24 | Mar 4 – Mar 25 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Okra direct sow |
Jan 21 | Mar 4 – Mar 30 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Pepper transplant |
Dec 24 | Mar 4 – Mar 25 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Sweet Potato slips |
— | Mar 4 – Mar 30 | Mar 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
90–150 |
| Watermelon either |
Jan 28 | Mar 4 – Mar 25 | Mar 25 First Quarter |
70–90 |
| Strawberry (crowns) transplant |
— | Dec 20 – Jan 28 | Jan 3 Full Moon |
perennial — first real harvest next season |
West Gulfport 的秋季播种
秋季日期是从初霜往回推算的,而且还要为“秋季系数”多留出时间:白天 越来越短、越来越凉,作物长得比种子袋上写的慢。播得太晚,是秋菜失败最常见的一个原因。
| 作物 | 播种或定植 | 最佳月相日 | 收获天数 | 耐寒性 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Jul 21 – Aug 26 | Jul 21, Aug 19 | 60–85 | very tender |
| Brussels Sprouts | Jul 24 – Aug 10 | — | 90–110 | hardy |
| Potato | Jul 29 – Aug 30 | Jul 29, Aug 27 | 70–120 | semi-hardy |
| Sweet Corn | Aug 3 – Aug 26 | Aug 19 | 60–100 | tender |
| Pole Beans | Aug 13 – Aug 26 | Aug 19 | 60–75 | tender |
| Parsley | Aug 16 – Aug 30 | Aug 16–18 | 70–90 | semi-hardy |
| Okra | Aug 18 – Sep 17 | Aug 19 | 50–70 | very tender |
| Cabbage | Aug 23 – Sep 4 | — | 65–90 | hardy |
| Carrot | Aug 23 – Sep 4 | Aug 27 | 65–85 | semi-hardy |
| Collards | Aug 23 – Sep 14 | Sep 11–14 | 55–85 | hardy |
| Cucumber | Aug 23 – Sep 5 | — | 50–70 | tender |
| Broccoli | Aug 28 – Sep 14 | Sep 11–14 | 55–80 | hardy |
| Cauliflower | Aug 28 – Sep 14 | Sep 11–14 | 55–80 | semi-hardy |
| Green Beans (bush) | Aug 28 – Sep 5 | — | 50–65 | tender |
| Lettuce (head) | Aug 28 – Sep 9 | — | 60–85 | semi-hardy |
| Peas (English/snap) | Aug 28 – Sep 14 | — | 55–75 | hardy |
| Beet | Sep 2 – Sep 19 | — | 50–65 | semi-hardy |
| Kale | Sep 2 – Sep 19 | Sep 11–16 | 50–65 | hardy |
| Swiss Chard | Sep 2 – Sep 19 | Sep 11–16 | 50–60 | semi-hardy |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Sep 2 – Sep 10 | — | 45–60 | tender |
| Basil | Sep 7 – Sep 25 | Sep 11–16 | 30–60 | very tender |
| Kohlrabi | Sep 7 – Sep 24 | Sep 11–16 | 45–60 | hardy |
| Cilantro | Sep 12 – Sep 24 | Sep 12–17 | 45–70 | semi-hardy |
| Lettuce (leaf) | Sep 12 – Sep 29 | Sep 12–17 | 40–55 | semi-hardy |
| Turnip | Sep 12 – Sep 29 | Sep 27–29 | 40–60 | hardy |
| Spinach | Sep 17 – Oct 4 | Sep 17 | 35–50 | hardy |
| Dill | Sep 22 – Sep 29 | — | 40–60 | semi-hardy |
| Radish | Sep 22 – Oct 17 | Sep 27–Oct 2 | 22–35 | hardy |
| Garlic | Nov 6 – Dec 27 | Nov 25–30 | 240–300 | hardy |
| Shallot | Nov 20 – Dec 21 | Nov 25–30 | 90–120 | hardy |
这些数字从哪儿来
West Gulfport 城内没有长期记录的气象站,所以这里的霜冻日期是 模型推算的,不是实测的。它来自一张半度分辨率的气候网格:把 6,808 个 NOAA 站点(1991–2020 常态值)的 结霜日期与地形、2023 年 USDA 耐寒栅格拟合之后,再读取你所在城市落在的那个网格。拿这些站点本身做校验, 该模型平均误差大约在一周以内——分区与站点完全吻合的比例为 67%,相差不超过半个分区的比例为 97%。 一个网格大约覆盖 35 × 28 英里,所以这是一个“街区级”的答案,不是“后院级”的。如果你附近有 有气象站支撑的地点, 优先用那一个。
这些数据到底有多准?
Extension recommendations for the same crop routinely disagree by two to four weeks, and occasionally more, so these offsets should be presented as windows and starting points rather than deadlines. Three things drive the spread. (1) Regional risk tolerance: for warm-season crops, Colorado State and Utah State put tomatoes, peppers and melons out about 14 days after the last frost, while University of Missouri's calendar works out to roughly 25-35 days after the last frost and University of Maryland's window runs from the frost date itself out to 45 days past it. That is a real 6-week spread for the single most popular garden crop, and it exists because a short-season mountain state is optimizing against a short season while a humid continental state is optimizing against cold, wet spring soil. (2) Soil temperature versus calendar date: most Extension services now say the honest trigger is soil temperature at 4 inches, not the frost date, and the frost-relative number is a convenience translation. A cold, wet spring can push the real date two or three weeks past the calendar recommendation. (3) Days-to-maturity is variety-specific and is measured differently for direct-seeded versus transplanted crops - seed catalogs count from transplant date for tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and cole crops, but from sowing for roots and greens - so a 'days to maturity' range of 60-85 for tomato is genuinely 60-85 depending on which packet you bought. Additionally, the average last frost is a 50% probability, meaning half of all years have a frost after that date; Extension services commonly advise waiting 1-2 weeks past it for anything frost-tender, or being prepared to cover. Treat every number here as plus or minus about 10-14 days.
关于气象站本身:一个气象站只是一个点。城市会蓄热,山谷会积冷空气, 朝北坡地上的菜园可能比一英里外的晚上两周。把这一页当成起点,让你自己的菜园去修正它—— App 里的日记正是为此而设。
附近的地点
West Gulfport 的播种提醒
每逢新月和满月发一封短信,告诉你 West Gulfport 现在正好在哪些作物的种植窗口里——依据本页的霜冻日期算出。免费,一键退订。
We store your address to send the email and nothing else. No ads, never sold, unsubscribe any time. See our privacy policy.
想在菜园里用手机看?Moon Phase Garden 把你的霜冻日期、种植时间窗和今晚的月相放在一处, 离线也能用,还能让你用自家菜园的实际情况覆盖这些日期。免费,无广告。