Las cuatro fechas que importan
| Fecha | Cuándo | Qué significa |
|---|---|---|
| Última helada de primavera (50 %) | Jan 14 | La mitad de los años hiela después de esta fecha. Es una media, no una garantía. |
| Última helada de primavera (10 %) | Feb 11 | Solo un año de cada diez hiela después de esta fecha. Úsala para lo que no puedas permitirte replantar. |
| Primera helada de otoño (50 %) | Dec 14 | La mitad de los años hiela antes de esta fecha. Los cultivos de otoño se cuentan hacia atrás desde aquí. |
| Primera helada de otoño (10 %) | Nov 29 | Un año de helada temprana. Si un cultivo tiene que terminar, apunta a cosechar antes de esta fecha. |
Siembra de primavera y verano en Fresno
Nota de invierno suave. La última helada de Fresno llega tan pronto que varias de estas ventanas caen a finales del otoño del año anterior. No es un error: así funciona una temporada larga aquí. Lee esta tabla junto con la de otoño y no como dos temporadas separadas.
Las fechas se calculan con la última helada de este lugar, no con una tabla genérica por zona. Los «mejores días lunares» son los días de cada ventana que caen en la fase tradicional del cultivo, la misma regla que usa la app.
| Cultivo | Sembrar dentro | Plantar fuera | Mejores días lunares | Días hasta la cosecha |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cucumber either |
Dec 24 | Jan 14 – Feb 13 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Green Beans (bush) direct sow |
— | Jan 14 – Feb 28 | Jan 25, Feb 24 First Quarter |
50–65 |
| Oregano transplant |
Nov 19 | Jan 14 – Feb 4 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sage transplant |
Nov 19 | Jan 14 – Feb 4 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Sweet Corn direct sow |
— | Jan 14 – Feb 28 | Jan 25, Feb 24 First Quarter |
60–100 |
| Thyme transplant |
Nov 19 | Jan 14 – Feb 4 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash either |
Dec 24 | Jan 14 – Feb 13 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
45–60 |
| Basil either |
Dec 3 | Jan 21 – Feb 13 | Jan 21–24 Waxing Crescent |
30–60 |
| Dry Beans direct sow |
— | Jan 21 – Feb 18 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
85–100 |
| Pole Beans direct sow |
— | Jan 21 – Feb 23 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Pumpkin direct sow |
Dec 24 | Jan 21 – Feb 18 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
90–120 |
| Rosemary transplant |
Jan 14 | Jan 21 – Feb 13 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
cut as needed |
| Tomatillo transplant |
Dec 3 | Jan 21 – Feb 13 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
60–75 |
| Tomato transplant |
Dec 3 | Jan 21 – Feb 13 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
60–85 |
| Winter Squash direct sow |
Dec 24 | Jan 21 – Feb 18 | Jan 25 First Quarter |
85–110 |
| Cantaloupe / Muskmelon either |
Dec 24 | Jan 28 – Feb 18 | — First Quarter |
75–90 |
| Eggplant transplant |
Nov 19 | Jan 28 – Feb 18 | — First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Okra direct sow |
Dec 17 | Jan 28 – Feb 23 | — First Quarter |
50–70 |
| Pepper transplant |
Nov 19 | Jan 28 – Feb 18 | — First Quarter |
60–90 |
| Sweet Potato slips |
— | Jan 28 – Feb 23 | Feb 2–7 Waning Gibbous |
90–150 |
| Watermelon either |
Dec 24 | Jan 28 – Feb 18 | — First Quarter |
70–90 |
| Strawberry (crowns) transplant |
— | Nov 15 – Dec 24 | Dec 4 Full Moon |
perennial — first real harvest next season |
| Garlic cloves/sets Mejor sembrarlo en otoño: mira abajo |
— | Nov 28 – Dec 29 | Dec 5–10 Waning Gibbous |
240–300 |
| Asparagus (crowns) transplant |
— | Dec 3 – Jan 7 | Dec 27 First Quarter |
perennial — first real harvest 2–3 years |
| Chives either |
Nov 19 | Dec 3 – Jan 7 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
75–90 |
| Onion (from sets/transplants) cloves/sets |
— | Dec 3 – Jan 7 | Dec 5–10 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Peas (English/snap) direct sow |
— | Dec 3 – Jan 7 | Dec 27 First Quarter |
55–75 |
| Spinach direct sow |
— | Dec 3 – Jan 7 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
35–50 |
| Cabbage transplant |
Nov 12 | Dec 10 – Jan 7 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
65–90 |
| Collards either |
Dec 3 | Dec 10 – Jan 28 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
55–85 |
| Kale either |
Dec 3 | Dec 10 – Jan 14 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
50–65 |
| Lettuce (leaf) either |
Dec 10 | Dec 10 – Feb 4 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
40–55 |
| Potato cloves/sets |
— | Dec 10 – Jan 14 | Jan 3 Full Moon |
70–120 |
| Radish direct sow |
— | Dec 10 – Feb 4 | Dec 10, Jan 4–8 Waning Gibbous |
22–35 |
| Turnip direct sow |
— | Dec 10 – Jan 21 | Dec 10, Jan 4–8 Waning Gibbous |
40–60 |
| Broccoli transplant |
Nov 12 | Dec 15 – Jan 14 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Brussels Sprouts transplant |
Nov 12 | Dec 15 – Jan 14 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
90–110 |
| Leek transplant |
Nov 5 | Dec 15 – Jan 14 | Jan 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
100–120 |
| Lettuce (head) transplant |
Nov 26 | Dec 15 – Jan 14 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
60–85 |
| Parsley either |
Nov 12 | Dec 15 – Jan 21 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
70–90 |
| Parsnip direct sow |
— | Dec 15 – Jan 21 | Jan 3 Full Moon |
100–150 |
| Shallot cloves/sets Mejor sembrarlo en otoño: mira abajo |
— | Dec 15 – Jan 14 | Jan 4–9 Waning Gibbous |
90–120 |
| Beet direct sow |
— | Dec 17 – Feb 4 | Jan 3, Feb 1 Full Moon |
50–65 |
| Kohlrabi either |
Dec 3 | Dec 17 – Jan 21 | Dec 20–25 Waxing Crescent |
45–60 |
| Carrot direct sow |
— | Dec 24 – Feb 4 | Jan 3, Feb 1 Full Moon |
65–85 |
| Cauliflower transplant |
Nov 12 | Dec 24 – Jan 14 | Dec 24–26 Waxing Crescent |
55–80 |
| Cilantro direct sow |
— | Dec 24 – Feb 4 | Dec 24–26, Jan 19–21 Waxing Crescent |
45–70 |
| Swiss Chard direct sow |
— | Dec 24 – Feb 13 | Dec 24–26, Jan 19–21 Waxing Crescent |
50–60 |
| Dill direct sow |
— | Dec 31 – Feb 13 | Jan 19–24 Waxing Crescent |
40–60 |
Siembra de otoño en Fresno
Las fechas de otoño se cuentan hacia atrás desde la primera helada y añaden tiempo por el «factor de otoño»: los días se acortan y refrescan, así que el cultivo crece más despacio de lo que promete el sobre. Sembrar tarde es la forma más común de que falle un huerto de otoño.
| Cultivo | Sembrar o trasplantar | Mejores días lunares | Días hasta la cosecha | Resistencia al frío |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Jul 29 – Sep 3 | Aug 19 | 60–85 | very tender |
| Brussels Sprouts | Aug 1 – Aug 18 | Aug 13–18 | 90–110 | hardy |
| Potato | Aug 6 – Sep 7 | Aug 27 | 70–120 | semi-hardy |
| Sweet Corn | Aug 11 – Sep 3 | Aug 19 | 60–100 | tender |
| Pole Beans | Aug 21 – Sep 3 | — | 60–75 | tender |
| Parsley | Aug 24 – Sep 7 | — | 70–90 | semi-hardy |
| Okra | Aug 26 – Sep 25 | Sep 18 | 50–70 | very tender |
| Cabbage | Aug 31 – Sep 12 | Sep 11–12 | 65–90 | hardy |
| Carrot | Aug 31 – Sep 12 | — | 65–85 | semi-hardy |
| Collards | Aug 31 – Sep 22 | Sep 11–16 | 55–85 | hardy |
| Cucumber | Aug 31 – Sep 13 | — | 50–70 | tender |
| Broccoli | Sep 5 – Sep 22 | Sep 11–16 | 55–80 | hardy |
| Cauliflower | Sep 5 – Sep 22 | Sep 11–16 | 55–80 | semi-hardy |
| Green Beans (bush) | Sep 5 – Sep 13 | — | 50–65 | tender |
| Lettuce (head) | Sep 5 – Sep 17 | Sep 11–16 | 60–85 | semi-hardy |
| Peas (English/snap) | Sep 5 – Sep 22 | Sep 18 | 55–75 | hardy |
| Beet | Sep 10 – Sep 27 | Sep 26 | 50–65 | semi-hardy |
| Kale | Sep 10 – Sep 27 | Sep 11–16 | 50–65 | hardy |
| Swiss Chard | Sep 10 – Sep 27 | Sep 11–16 | 50–60 | semi-hardy |
| Zucchini / Summer Squash | Sep 10 – Sep 18 | Sep 18 | 45–60 | tender |
| Basil | Sep 15 – Oct 3 | Sep 15–17 | 30–60 | very tender |
| Kohlrabi | Sep 15 – Oct 2 | Sep 15–17 | 45–60 | hardy |
| Cilantro | Sep 20 – Oct 2 | — | 45–70 | semi-hardy |
| Lettuce (leaf) | Sep 20 – Oct 7 | — | 40–55 | semi-hardy |
| Turnip | Sep 20 – Oct 7 | Sep 27–Oct 2 | 40–60 | hardy |
| Spinach | Sep 25 – Oct 12 | Oct 11–12 | 35–50 | hardy |
| Dill | Sep 30 – Oct 7 | — | 40–60 | semi-hardy |
| Radish | Sep 30 – Oct 25 | Sep 30–Oct 2 | 22–35 | hardy |
| Garlic | Nov 14 – Jan 4 | Nov 25–29, Dec 24 | 240–300 | hardy |
| Shallot | Nov 28 – Dec 29 | Nov 28–29, Dec 24–27 | 90–120 | hardy |
De dónde salen estos números
Las fechas de helada de esta página son normales observadas en estación, no estimaciones: vienen de Fresno Yosemite Intl Ap (GHCN USW00093193), una de las 6.808 estaciones de EE. UU. de las Climate Normals 1991–2020 de la NOAA. La zona de rusticidad es del USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map de 2023. Los tiempos de cultivo se expresan como desfases respecto a tus heladas, tomados de guías de siembra de la Extensión universitaria.
¿Qué precisión tiene todo esto?
Extension recommendations for the same crop routinely disagree by two to four weeks, and occasionally more, so these offsets should be presented as windows and starting points rather than deadlines. Three things drive the spread. (1) Regional risk tolerance: for warm-season crops, Colorado State and Utah State put tomatoes, peppers and melons out about 14 days after the last frost, while University of Missouri's calendar works out to roughly 25-35 days after the last frost and University of Maryland's window runs from the frost date itself out to 45 days past it. That is a real 6-week spread for the single most popular garden crop, and it exists because a short-season mountain state is optimizing against a short season while a humid continental state is optimizing against cold, wet spring soil. (2) Soil temperature versus calendar date: most Extension services now say the honest trigger is soil temperature at 4 inches, not the frost date, and the frost-relative number is a convenience translation. A cold, wet spring can push the real date two or three weeks past the calendar recommendation. (3) Days-to-maturity is variety-specific and is measured differently for direct-seeded versus transplanted crops - seed catalogs count from transplant date for tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and cole crops, but from sowing for roots and greens - so a 'days to maturity' range of 60-85 for tomato is genuinely 60-85 depending on which packet you bought. Additionally, the average last frost is a 50% probability, meaning half of all years have a frost after that date; Extension services commonly advise waiting 1-2 weeks past it for anything frost-tender, or being prepared to cover. Treat every number here as plus or minus about 10-14 days.
Sobre la estación en sí: una estación meteorológica es un punto. Las ciudades retienen el calor, los valles acumulan aire frío y un huerto en ladera norte puede ir dos semanas por detrás de otro a una milla. Toma esta página como punto de partida y deja que tu propio huerto la corrija: para eso está el diario de la app.
Lugares cercanos
Avisos de siembra para Fresno
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